Collaborative Knowledge Networks Emergence for Innovation. Factors of Success Analysis and Comparison
نویسندگان
چکیده
RÉSUMÉ. Les nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication favorisent l’émergence de réseaux virtuels centrés sur le partage et l’échange d’expertise. Cet enrichissement croisé des connaissances est un des facteurs clés du développement de nouveaux produits innovants. Or les organisations ont du mal à structurer, piloter, favoriser ou tout simplement reconnaître ces réseaux. Cet article compare quatre niveaux de réseaux collaboratifs, prenant en compte différentes spécificités : type et taille de réseau, contexte culturel et linguistique ou objectifs. Cette analyse fait ressortir des éléments clés pour la réussite et l’efficacité du réseau virtuel, relatif à sa construction et son usage. Il s’interroge aussi sur les facteurs limitant ou néfaste de ces structurations virtuelles. ABSTRACT. New product development needs new engineering approaches. Knowledge is a key resource that impacts New product development needs new engineering approaches. Knowledge is a key resource that impacts traditional, organisational, economic and innovative models. Through NICT (New Information and Communication Technologies), globalisation encourages the emergence of networks that overcome traditional organisation boundaries. International enterprises, European-Community Networks of Excellence or Clusters (competitiveness poles) indicate the need to define a new way of thinking. This new way moves towards an agile, continuous innovative use of knowledge. Based on an epistemic study of knowledge management best practices, four examples show the barriers that can be encountered today. This paper aims defining the key elements that enhance collaborative networks. The analysis of best practices from collaborative environments enables the design of high standard information systems and initiate knowledge ecosystems. A balance between formalism required to share knowledge and fuzziness of social networks triggers new initiatives. This ensures the validity of information exchange through virtual collaboration. It helps to maintain group coherence despite exceeding the natural maximum number of collaborators. Finally the main success or failure factors are highlights and commented to ease the transition from economic-driven to expertise-driven models is then facilitated MOTS-CLÉS : Réseaux collaboratifs, réseaux virtuels, plateforme collaborative, innovation, échange de connaissances
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Journal of Decision Systems
دوره 19 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2010